davis



(No Model?) a sheets-sheen 1.

G. HQDAVIS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

'No.ovs. PatentedMayvlQ, 1896.

3 .Sheets-#Sheet 2.

(No Model.) G. H. DAVIS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 560,573. Patented May 19, 1896.

l lANDREW B-GRAHAM.PHOTDLUKU.WASMINGTON.DC

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet' 3.

. G. H. DAVIS.

TYPE WRITING MAGEINB. K

No. 560,573. Patented May 19, 1896..

NrTEiO f STATES PATENT OEE-ICE.

GEORGE HowLETT DAvIs, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 560,573, dated May 19,1896. Application led November 15, 1894. Renewed April27, 1896. SerialNo. 589,330. (No model.)

To all whomz't nung/,concern- Be it known that I, GEORGE HOWLETT DA-vIs, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, .in thecounty of New York and State of New York, have invented a certain new,useful, and valuable Improvement in Electrical Type-lVriting Machines,of which the following' is a full, clear, and exact description.

My present invention relates to electrical type-writing machines, andhas for its object to provide the combination and arrangement of partssuch as are illustrated in the annexed drawings and as will behereinafter fully described.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of my machine,taken in a substantially central longitudinal plane. Fig. 2 is a planview of the same, having the carriage and platen removed. Fig. 3 is aside view of the keyboard. Fig. 4is a modification of my keyboard asmaybe applied to mechanicallyoperated type-writing machines. Fig. 5 is adetailed view showing a modiiication of my locking device. Fig. 6 showsa modification of my reciprocating plate and magnet. Fig. 7 is aperspective view of the large magnet 6 and its armature-lever. Fig. S isa perspective view of a type-writer with my improvedplaten-roller-operating mechanism applied thereto. Fig. 9 is an end viewof the platen and showing the operating-magnet and armature-levertherefor. Fig. 10 is a sectional viewof t-he keyboard illustrated inFig. 4.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views.

One of the leading features of my improvement is a reciprocatingengagement plate or ring, which in Figs. 1, 2, and 5 I have shown in theform of an annulus 1, and which I will designate a reciprocating plate,7although it is to be understood that it may be made in the form of asolid plate, said reciprocating plate being movably supported by thesleeves 2, working over the four standards 3, and being connected by rod4 to the bellprank armature 5, which, upon the magnet 6 becomingenergized, instantly raises the rod 4 and the reciprocating plate 1 adistance approximating one-half inch, and upon the breaking 42, or bythe cord 1l, Fig. 5.

In the modification shown at Fig. 6 the rod 7 is drawn inwardly by thecord 12, as shown,

'or by a magnet, as shown at Fig. 1, so as to throw its projection underinstead of over the periphery of the disk-armature 13, which is drawndownward by the large magnet 14, in which arrangement no rod 4 orbell-crank armature 5 is necessary, but prefer the arrangement shown atFigs. 1 and 2. I effect the movement of the platen 15 bya pawl16,working in a rack 17 attached to the frame 18 of the carriage, said pawlbeing pivoted at point 19 on the bell-crank 20, which is given movementby the rod 21, connecting it to the crosspiece 22, rigidly secured onthe reciprocating plate 1 all substantially as shown. I prefer to propelmy carriage against a spring, which in the present instance I have shownin the form of a spring-drum 24, which normally eX- erts a tension onthe cord 25, indirectly attached at its opposite end to the carriage atpoint 26, so that upon releasing the pawl 1G, by drawing it away fromthe rack through the medium of the cord 27, or otherwise disengaging itfrom the rack, the carriage is automatically returned by the cord 25. Ashort bracket-arm 16 is rigidly secured to the frame of the machinealongside the pawl 16, and to theupper end of said arm is pivoted a pawl17, which is kept normally into engagement with the rack 17 by means ofa spring 18. To the Outer end of the pawl 17 is connected a branch cord27', which leads to and is attached to the cord 27, so that by pullingupon the cord 27 to operate the pawl 16 strain is also imparted to thepawl 17 which is likewise operated or thrown out of engagement with therack 17, whereby the carriage is free to be drawn back to its startingposition by means of the spring 24 and cord 25. The pawl 17' serves toprevent the carriage from moving back with the return of the feed-pawlIG under the tension of the spring 24.

My mechanism is applicable to any form of type-bars and to nearly anyform of typewriting machines.

Another leading and important feature of the present invention is myshifting -key board, whereby the need of a shifting carriage, all formsof which are more or less awkward, clumsy, and expensive, is avoided,and I attain this end in the electrical shifting-key board shown inFigs. 1 and 3, in which 26X represents a hinged plate' carrying theseries of keys 27, and are preferably soldered to the llat spring 29,which normally keeps them slightly raised. Arranged directly under saidplate 20X is a somewhat similar plate ZGXX, preferably of non-conductingmaterial, such as hard rubber, and which is so hinged on the rod 30 asto permit of a slight lateral movement when the shifting-key 3l isdepressed, so as to cause its lower beveled end 32 to enter an oblonghole 33 in said under plate 26 and slide it slightly to the right. Themetal contact-pins 35 are preferably arranged in pairs, so that wheneverthe under plate QGXX is shifted about one-eighth of an inch to the rightthe end of the spring 29 will be directly over the pin 35, instead ofover pin 3l, as shown,\\l1ich is its normal position, and thereforethose pins 3l are preferably connected electrically, so as to operatethe lower-case letters, and the left-hand pins 34 to operate the uppercase or capitals of the corresponding letter or character.

In Fig. -l- I illustrate means for applying my shifting-key board tomechanically-operated type-writers; but in this case the depression ot'the shift-key 3G slides the upper plate, so as to set the lower ends ofthe keys 4() over the reeds atl, connected to the cap, instead of overthe reeds a2, connected to the lower case and over which the lower andimpinging end of the keys 3G set.

In the modification shown by Figs. 3 and 9 it will be noticed that theframe of the writing machine therein shown resembles the Remingtontype-writer, and that the rods 7 in order to engage with thereciprocating plate must be drawn inwardly. In these iigures I also showmeans for revolving the platen l5, which eifects the feeding of thepaper, as is well known, and the means employed consist, essentially, ofthe horizontal feed-rod 43, that is arranged in rear of and extends theentire width of the carriage, and which is provided at one or both endswith a forwardly-projecting plate 43, which lies alongside of and ispivoted at 50 to the plate or plates 43h, connected to the side of thetype-writer frame in any suitable manner. The plate or plates 431 arepro vided with apertures to admit the heads of electromagnets 44, whichlie directly below the same, so that when a suitable key 43X isdepressed the magnets will be energized and plates 1.3" attracted ordrawn down, which in turn raises the rod 43. Said rod, acting upon therear end of lever 45, raises the same. The forward end of this lever a5being connected to the rear end of the ordinary hand-operatedplaten-lever 43C or its equivalent, pushes the same downward, and in sodoing actuates the pawl 43 against the ratchet-wheel 43, therebyrevolving the platen a line-space. It will be understood that themagnets and platenoperating mechanism may be located at one or bothsides of the type-writer, and that the operating key or keys maylikewise be placed upon either or both sides of the keyboard, so as tobe in easy reach of the orperator to be actuated by either hand. It willbe noticed that the inwardly-extending end of lever 45, forming part ofthe carriage and moving laterally therewith, rests and slides upon thefeeding-rod 43 in whatever position the carriage may be. By suitablyconnecting the cord 27, attached to the releasing-pawl 1G, to thefeed-rod Lt3 the release and return of the carriage an d the feeding ofpaper are effected by the movement of said feed-rod 43, which, asheretofore stated, may be operated either by the double magnets al or bythe universal armature l.

The universal armature l, instead of being an annular form, may bestraight, slightly curved, segmental, or crescent shape, which will bestadapt it to the machine to which it is to be applied.

I claim I. In a type-writing machine, the combination with thetype-bar-operating levers, of a reciprocating plate or body, mechanismintermediate the plate and levers whereby the latter may be coupled toone edge of the plate, and means for reciprocating the plate whereby thetype-levers are operated, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the type and similarlevers, of a reciprocating plate or body, a rod connected to each ofsaid levers, means for bringing said rods into engagement with theplate, and means for reciprocating the latter whereby the levers arecarried by the movement of the plate, substantially as described.

3. In au electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the typeand similar le vers, of a reciprocating plate, a depending rod pivotedto each lever and arranged concentric to said plate, and means forbringing said rods into engagement with one edge of the plate, as andfor the purpose described.

4t. In a type-writin g machine, the combination with the type andsimilar levers, of a circular reciprocating plate, a dependin rodpivoted to each lever and arranged concentric to the plate, means actingupon the lower end of each rod for bringing them into engagement withone edge of the plate, and means for reciproeatin g the latter, as andfor the purpose described.

5. In an electrical or other type-uniting machine, the combination withthe type or IOO IIO

other levers, lugs projecting from said levers, of a reciprocatingplate, means for operating said plate, and means for throwing saidlevers alongside the plate whereby the lugs will overhang one edge of,and be carried by the movement of the plate, as and for the purpose setforth.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the type and otherlevers, a depending rod pivoted to each lever, lugs projecting from saidrods, of a reciprocating plate, and means for throwing said leversalongside the plate whereby the lugs will overhang one edge of and becarried by the movement of the latter, substantially as described.

7. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the typeand similar levers, of a depending rod pivoted to each lever, a lugprojecting from each rod, a reciprocating plate, electromagnets arrangedaround said plate and adapted when energized to attract the free end ofthe rods and bring the same into engagement with the plate, and meansfor reciprocating the latter while the rods are in engagement therewithso that the levers will be operated, substantially as described.

S. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the typeand similar levers provided with downwardly-extendin g rods having lugsnear theirlower ends,of a circular reciprocating plate around which saidrods are arranged, electromagnets for bringing said rods into engagementwith one edge of the plate whereby the lugs will overhang the latter, anenlarged magnet located directly below the reciprocating plate, abellcrank armature -lever operated by the enlarged magnet, and aconnection between the armature-lever and the reciprocating platewhereby the latter is moved when the magnet is energized, substantiallyas described.

9. In an electrical type-writing machine the combination, with the typeand other levers, of a reciprocating plate and guides for the latter, atraveling carriage provided with a rack, means for throwin gv the leversinto engagem cnt with said plate, and a pawl adapted to be operated bythe movement of the reciprocating plate whereby the carriage is fed oradvanced, as and for the purpose described.

l0. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the typeand other levers, of an electrically-operated reciprocating plate, meansfor throwing said levers into engagement with the plate', a movablecarriage provided with a rack, a pawl operated by the movement of saidplate to feed the carriage forward, and means for retaining said pawl ina disengaged position to allow the carriage to travel free, as and forthe purpose set forth.

ll. In an electrical type-writing machine, the combination with the typeand similar levers, of a reciprocating plate, magnets for throwing saidlevers into engagement with the plate, an enlarged magnet lying belowthe reciprocating plate,an armature-lever for said magnet, a connectionbetween the armaturelever and plate, a traveling carriage provided witha rack, a pawl normally engaging thel rack and adapted when moved toadvance the carriage, aconnection between the pawl and reciprocatingplate, a second pawl engaging the rack and adapted to prevent thecarriage from running free when said former-named pawl is disengaged,means for simultaneously freeing both of said pawls from the rack, aspring-drum, and a flexible vconnection between the carriage andspring-drum, as and for the purpose described.

12. In an electrical type-writing machine having a moving carriageprovided with a rack-bar, the combination with the type andsimilarlevers, of a reciprocating plate, means for throwing the leversinto engagement with said plate, and a pivoted pawl meshing with therack-bar and connected to the reciprocating plate and adapted to beoperated by the movement of the latter whereby the carriage is fed oradvanced, substantially as described.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the type and similarlevers hav-- ing depending rods pivotally connected thereto, of areciprocating plate, an electromagnet 10 for each depending rod, saidmagnets acting to bring the rods into engagement with the plate, sleevesmounted upon said reciprocating plate, guide-rods passing through saidsleeves, an -electromagnet for operating said reciprocating plate, anelectrically-connected keyboard, a battery and circuit including theaforesaid magnets and keyboard, and keys adapted when depressed tocomplete the electric circuits and operate the type-levers andreciprocating plate, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the movable carriageand platen, of a vertically -moving feed-rod running lengthwise .of andlocated-to the rear of the IOO IIO

carriage, an armature-plate pivoted near one end to the type-writerframe and connected at said pivoted end to the feed-rod a ratchet on theplaten, a pawl engaging the ratchet, an arm pivoted to the platen andconnecting the pawl, said arm overhanging the feed-rod, andelectromagnets lying below the armatureplate and adapted when energizedto attract the plate, raise the feed-rod and revolve the platen,substantially as described.

l5.` In a type-writing machine the combination with the movable carriageand platen, of a pivoted feed-rod running lengthwise of the carriage, aratchet on each end of the platen, a pawl engaging each rachet, an armpivoted to each end of the platen and connected to the pawls, said armsoverhanging the feed-rod, an armature lever or plate pivoted to eachside of the machine-frame and connected at their rear ends to thefeed-rod, electromagnets lying beneath each armaturelever, and asuitable key adapted when depressed to complete an electric circuitwhereby the magnet is energized and the feed-rod raised to revolve theplaten, substantially as described.

16. A keyboard for electrical type-writing machines consist-ing,` of theupper and lower plates slidablyliinged at their rear ends,elecirically-oonnected keys carried by the upper plate, a series of Setsof electrical contactpoints carried by the lower plate, a slot in saidlatter-named plate, a wedge-shapedkcy carried by tbe upper plato andengaging the aforesaid slot, and adapted when depressed to shift thelower plate, and a spring for returning the shifted plate to its normalposition when the wedge-key is withdrawn, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE IIOIVLETT DAVIS. lVitnesses:

CHARLES T. DAVIS, C. T. Davis74 Jr.

